Interview Times 
FEATURE: On October 9, 2024, India lost one of its most cherished sons, Ratan Naval Tata, a man recognized for his resolute dedication to his country, a profound commitment to philanthropy, and a steadfast belief that the foremost rule is to serve the people. The former chairman of Tata Sons, who passed away at the age of 86, was not just a titan of industry, but a man whose life and values deeply resonated with millions.
A Legacy Rooted in Visionary Beginnings
Born on December 28, 1937, Ratan Tata belonged to the illustrious Tata family, whose legacy was rooted in the pioneering vision of Jamsetji Tata, the founder of Tata Group in 1868. Jamsetji’s dream was to build India’s first steel plant, a hydroelectric project, and an educational institution that would raise the nation’s intellectual prowess. Ratan Tata, the great-grandson of this visionary, would not only carry forward these dreams but also amplify the Tata legacy on the global stage.
Raised by his grandmother, Navajbai Tata, Ratan Tata grew up in an environment that emphasized discipline, humility, and compassion. Educated at Cornell University in architecture and Harvard Business School, he joined the Tata Group in 1962, starting at the bottom on the shop floor at Tata Steel, a decision that showcased his belief in understanding the business from the grassroots level.
The Rise to Leadership
In 1991, at the age of 54, Ratan Tata was appointed chairman of Tata Sons, a position once held by the legendary J.R.D. Tata. His rise to the top coincided with one of the most transformative periods in India’s history—the liberalization of the economy. The dismantling of the License Raj by the PV Narasimha Rao government opened up the Indian economy to global competition, and Ratan Tata took this opportunity to drive the Tata Group to unprecedented heights.
Under his leadership, the Tata Group expanded into a global conglomerate, acquiring prestigious international brands like Tetley Tea, Daewoo Motors, Jaguar Land Rover, and Corus Steel. These acquisitions not only cemented the Tata name globally but also reflected Ratan Tata’s boldness and strategic foresight. He was determined to ensure that Tata would be known not just as an Indian company but as a global leader.
The acquisition of Jaguar Land Rover in 2008, at a time when the global auto industry was reeling from the recession, was one of his most audacious moves. Critics doubted the decision, but within years, Ratan Tata’s gamble paid off, with Jaguar Land Rover becoming one of the most profitable arms of the group. His mantra was clear: trust, quality, and innovation.
Transforming Indian Industry
Ratan Tata’s leadership wasn’t just about acquisitions and profits. He was also a key driver in transforming industries within India. One of his most remarkable achievements was Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), which he took public in 2004. The IT giant, which became one of the most valuable technology companies in the world, was pivotal in shaping India’s global image as an IT powerhouse.
Another significant milestone in Tata’s career was the launch of the Tata Nano in 2008, a project that showcased his deep commitment to affordable mobility for India’s masses. Marketed as the “people’s car,” the Nano was a testament to Ratan Tata’s innovative thinking and his desire to make the world’s cheapest car, so that millions of Indians could have access to personal transportation. Although the Nano didn’t achieve the commercial success envisioned, it remains a symbol of Tata’s vision to cater to the common man.
A Quiet but Formidable Leader
Unlike many business tycoons, Ratan Tata was known for his quiet, understated style. He was not one to court the limelight, preferring to let his work and actions speak for themselves. But make no mistake—his leadership style was formidable. Early in his tenure, Tata faced resistance from powerful satraps within the conglomerate, including Russi Mody, Ajit Kerkar, and Darbari Seth, who headed autonomous divisions within the Group. It took careful maneuvering, courage, and determination to consolidate control and centralize power within the Tata Group, ensuring that it remained united under one cohesive vision.
Ratan Tata’s decision to charge royalties for the use of the Tata brand name was a bold move that helped the group become financially stronger, enhancing the equity of the Tata name globally. This, along with his initiative to increase shareholding in the various companies under the group, fortified the conglomerate against hostile takeovers and ensured its long-term sustainability.
The Heart Behind the Empire
While Ratan Tata will be remembered for his business acumen, it was his empathy, compassion, and philanthropy that truly endeared him to the people. Following the footsteps of the Tata family’s rich tradition of giving back to society, Ratan Tata directed the Tata Trusts to spearhead projects in education, healthcare, and rural development. In fact, the Tata Trusts, which hold a 66% stake in Tata Sons, have been instrumental in driving social change in India. From building hospitals to funding higher education for underprivileged students, the Trusts have touched countless lives.
One of Ratan Tata’s personal passions was animal welfare. He was deeply fond of dogs and often spoke about his love for them. It was not uncommon to see stray dogs lounging comfortably in the lobby of Bombay House, Tata Group’s headquarters in Mumbai, thanks to Tata’s insistence. His philanthropy extended to animals as well, and he recently funded the establishment of a state-of-the-art veterinary hospital in Mumbai, specifically aimed at providing care for stray animals.
The Final Chapter
Though Ratan Tata stepped down as chairman of Tata Sons in 2012, his influence on the group remained strong. He continued to serve as the chairman of the Tata Trusts and played an active role in advising the current leadership, including N. Chandrasekaran, the present chairman of Tata Sons. Even in his retirement, Ratan Tata remained a guiding light, investing in start-ups and mentoring young entrepreneurs, reflecting his belief in India’s growing entrepreneurial spirit.
In 2024, just days before his passing, Tata took to social media to assure his followers that he was undergoing routine medical check-ups and that there was no cause for concern. His sudden death came as a shock to the nation, leaving a void that will be hard to fill.
An Everlasting Legacy
Ratan Tata’s passing has left a nation in mourning, but his legacy will continue to inspire future generations. His contributions to India’s industrial and social landscape are immeasurable. He took the Tata Group from a trusted national brand to a globally recognized business leader. More importantly, he upheld the Tata values of honesty, integrity, and philanthropy in every endeavour.
His leadership, compassion, and vision earned him countless accolades, both in India and internationally. He was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 2000 and the Padma Vibhushan in 2008, two of India’s highest civilian honours. In his home state of Maharashtra, he has been accorded a state funeral, and Jharkhand, where Tata Steel’s legacy thrives, has declared a day of mourning in his honour.
For Ratan Tata, business was never just about profits—it was about making a meaningful difference in the world. He was, and will always be, the ‘Ratan’ of India—a gem whose light will continue to illuminate the hearts of millions. As India steps into the future, it does so with the foundation laid by this extraordinary man, whose values of trust, empathy, and excellence will guide the nation for years to come.
